How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD
Many people think ADHD is a condition that affects children however, it can affect adults. Finding a doctor and treating ADHD can improve a person's life.
Interviewing the person and their family members may be a part of an evaluation for ADHD. The doctor may also examine old school records to determine if symptoms began as an infant.
Symptoms
Everyone has trouble concentrating and staying organized from time to time, but for someone who suffers from ADHD this can cause problems with work, school and home life. A person must exhibit major symptoms in two of these areas, and have a significant impact on the way they function in their daily lives for them to be identified as having ADHD. The symptoms must also have been present for at least six months.
A doctor will inquire of the patient about their symptoms, as well as about any medical issues and family history. They can also use rating systems to measure symptoms in adults or children. These questionnaires are based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5). They include questions about symptoms like hyperactivity, inattention and impulsivity.
In adult patients, doctors may ask to speak with someone else in the family or who are familiar with the patient. This is not a way to doubt the patient's honesty but to gain insight into their behavior that cannot be obtained from a questionnaire. They might inquire about childhood behaviors and use old school records in order to determine if symptoms began before the age of 12.
Before making a diagnosis the doctor will conduct an extensive physical examination and run lab tests to rule other conditions like thyroid problems or head injuries that could trigger similar symptoms. The doctor will also look over the patient's list of medications. Doctors will take into consideration the interaction between stimulants and certain medications prescribed for depression, high blood pressure, and other conditions. getting a adhd diagnosis is the reason it's crucial for adults to consult their primary care physicians when they suspect they be suffering from ADHD.
Diagnosis
To be considered to have ADHD, symptoms must manifest in at least two different settings (such as at home, school, and work) and interfere with functioning. They must also have started before the age of 12, and the impairment must not be caused by a different disorder, like anxiety or depression.
A psychiatrist or a mental health professional will employ a variety of tools during the assessment, including ADHD symptom checklists as well as standardized behavior rating scales and a detailed medical history. They might also talk to family members or friends to find out how the symptoms have affected them. They will also ask if there are any other psychiatric conditions or physical conditions that have similar symptoms.
The evaluators will look at whether the symptoms are mild or severe. They will also review the person's medical history as well as family history to ensure there isn't any underlying reason for their symptoms like thyroid disorders, head injuries or medication.
In some instances, the evaluator might want to conduct a cognitive test or request the person undergo an imaging test in order to rule out other causes for their symptoms, such as learning disabilities. People with these issues often appear differently than those who do not have these issues. Boys are more likely to exhibit hyperactive symptoms, while girls show inattentive ones.
Many people with ADHD are interested in participating in a clinical trial to test new treatments. This is a great opportunity to further research. However, participants must be aware that the primary purpose of these studies is to gain scientific knowledge, not an assurance of treatment. For more information on clinical trials, visit the NIMH's Clinical Trials fact sheet.
Treatment
If you suspect they may have ADHD it is important to find a specialist trained in diagnosing the disorder. Check with your health insurance provider if ADHD specialists will be covered. You may also ask your family doctor or other health professionals for referrals. Word-of mouth recommendations are also an option.
A doctor will ask the patient or their parents in the case of children - about their issues. They can use standardized questionnaires or ADHD symptom checklists, and request information from other people in the patient's life, such as spouses and family members. Personal insight can reveal more than what can be gleaned from questionnaires.
An expert will also want to review any records that the individual may have, especially old school reports. The diagnosis of ADHD is often determined by the past of an individual. To be diagnosed the symptoms must be present since childhood (technically before age 12).
A physical exam is also often performed. It is also checked for any other medical conditions that may be causing symptoms, such thyroid problems or seizures. The expert will often conduct a neurological examination, which checks for motor control and coordination. Psychological tests, which are designed to assess the ability and intelligence of a person, could be utilized too. Additionally one could be asked to complete simple computer tasks that evaluate attention and memory. This will help the professional determine if someone is hyperactive, inattentive, or impulsive. adhd diagnosed will determine the diagnosis and recommend treatment. Treatment plans typically consist of therapy and medication. Psychotherapy or talk therapy can help children and adults learn healthy coping techniques and change destructive thought patterns. This therapy can be provided by a primary doctor or a mental health professional who is a specialist in adult ADHD.
Medication
Many people with ADHD are helped by medication, but it's not the only method to treat the condition. Children, teenagers and adults are also able to benefit from behavioral therapy, psychotherapy or the combination of both. These therapies assist them to cope and live with their ADHD symptoms. adhd diagnosis adults uk may include psychoeducation, which is an education about ADHD and ways to manage it. They can include family members, teachers and professionals.
It's important to find a medical professional or mental health professional who has previous experience treating ADHD. You can ask others with ADHD for suggestions or a mental health provider you know. You can also do an internet search. It is best to locate a specialist who is familiar with your insurance plan.
The health care provider will ask you or your child about symptoms and problems caused by ADHD. They will perform an examination of the body and look for any other health issues that may cause similar symptoms. They will review the medical and family history of your child or you and also school records and other reports.
The American Psychiatric Association's (DSM-V), which is primarily geared towards diagnosing children, has a more difficult diagnosis of ADHD in adults. Your doctor may interview you or your children about the symptoms and have others who spend a lot of time with them to fill out questionnaires and checklists. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. The medications used to treat ADHD include stimulants such as methylphenidate and lisdexamfetamine, and nonstimulants like atomoxetine and certain antidepressants. They function by increasing and balancing neurotransmitters in the brain.
Counseling
Many people with ADHD suffer from comorbid disorders like depression or anxiety. This is why treatment should include therapy that targets these issues. Certain patients can benefit from cognitive behavior therapy, which teaches skills like time and task management and emotional self-regulation.
Additionally, therapists can help patients manage their symptoms through lifestyle modifications. Regular exercise can reduce hyperactivity and improve concentration. A healthy diet is essential too. People suffering from ADHD tend eat more fat and sugar and less fruit and vegetables. Lastly, making relationships with family and friends a priority can lower stress levels and help individuals feel more in control of their lives.
A diagnosis of ADHD can aid adults and children to comprehend their difficulties. For instance, a child suffering from ADHD might have difficulty communicating his or her needs to peers and teachers however, once a teacher is aware that it's not personal or due to inattention, accommodations can be made.
A professional evaluating ADHD will ask questions that are geared to the person's age, speak with family and teachers, read medical files, and check for any comorbid conditions. For adults, school records might be helpful in determining if the ADHD symptoms began before age.
The doctor will also look for any vision or hearing problems with hearing or vision. He or she will also perform a blood test to determine the presence of specific hormones and other health issues that could cause symptoms similar to ADHD.